
I’ve been travelling to Myanmar since 1981 and it was quite unlike any procession I had ever seen: groups of men surrounding boys atop richly adorned horses and kept comfortable under the shade of golden parasols. The men, retainers more like, walked beside them in the baking March sun. The boys wore lush embroidered silk outfits of pale pink or golden yellow, with headgear befitting a prince, while the men wore simple shirts and dark-patterned longyi. Behind the boys were flower-bedecked horse carts carrying young girls under frilly parasols of pink, white, pale green. The procession stretched for hundreds of meters followed by a travelling band playing on a flatbed truck.


BUDDHIST INITIATION RITES
What my wife and I witnessed was part of the shinbyu, the initiation ceremony for monks that is a rite of passage for Buddhist boys in Myanmar. The first step is to re-enact the privileges of the Buddha as prince before he rejects the royal life in exchange for one of self-denial.

Further down the road we saw boys who had already rejected their princely lives in favor of the simple existence of monks, their heads shaven, wearing plain brown robes and simple sandals, waving fans to cool themselves from the heat, temperatures above 30 C the day we saw them. Following them were dozens of girls in pale pink robes, carrying tin alms bowls, cloths draped over their heads to keep themselves cool.

There were hundreds of boys and girls, all in a line, all along the road that stretched from the capital Yangon to the Golden Rock temple in the south of the country.

The 210 kilometers from the traffic-clogged colonial-era city of Yangon to Golden Rock temple, also known as Kyaiktiyo Pagoda, is a journey to the golden heart of the country. Along the road I witnessed a microcosm of its spiritual side.


HIGHEST PAGODA IN MYANMAR
At Bago, the midway point, we visited the Shwemawdaw pagoda, the highest pagoda in Myanmar at 114 meters, higher even than the Shwedagon pagoda in Yangon. Also known as the Golden God pagoda it is over a thousand years old, and reportedly contains hair and tooth relics of the Buddha. The pagoda dominates Bago and the surrounding plains with its golden spire contrasting against an impossibly blue sky the day I saw it. A young monk struck an enormous bell with a large wooden stick. Worshippers spent time in contemplation near the pagoda, staying in the shade.

One of the challenges of visiting Myanmar temples is enjoying them while walking barefoot on ground that can sometimes be achingly hot. During the March April hot season we employed a strategy of lingering in the shade, and moving fast when not.

As we left the pagoda via the covered walkway steps we saw iridescent green rice cakes for sale by a girl with a face thickly covered by thanaka, a yellowish sunscreen created by ground bark that looks somewhat like kabuki make-up. There were hundreds of red bags of rice stacked on tables as donations to the temple. Just outside the pagoda I stopped by a woman with a cage of twittering sparrows. For less than a dollar, I bought three to release into the air. According to Buddhist belief, each bird you release earns you merit and symbolizes the letting go of your troubles. I’m not sure anyone’s troubles can so easily disappear but it did feel good letting the birds fly from my palms into freedom.

SECOND LARGEST BUDDHA IN THE WORLD
Nearby was the Shwethalyaung Buddha, which at a length of 55 meters and a height of 18 meters is the second largest Buddha in the world. Built in 994, its colossal size with an almost unreal serenity makes it a stop you want to spend time in. I wasn’t alone in feeling that way. Hundreds were there not just to look and move on but to stay and pray. Beneath the Buddha and along the temple’s wire enclosure were plaques with the names and amounts from donors all around the world.

Before leaving Bago, we stopped at the 27 meter high Kyaik Pun pagoda, where four gargantuan Buddha images sat ramrod straight against a massive square-shaped brick pillar. The pagoda was reportedly built by King Migadippa of Bago in the 7th century and renovated by King Dhammazedi in 1476. However, a folk story has it that it was originally built by four sisters vowing to be single. But the youngest one broke her vow. The statue of that sister is on the southwest corner where monsoon winds and rain regularly lash it. With alabaster white skin, glinting gold robes set against the ochre and faded pink of the pillar the four Buddhas looked like sentinels and must have conveyed how powerful the Mon kingdom was at its apex.

LAST LEG TO GOLDEN ROCK
To reach the Golden Rock temple we transferred at the town of Kim Pun from our van to a packed open-backed truck with seats in the back. For a little bit more you can ride up front with the driver. We decided to splurge! Each of the trucks had their own name. Ours was called Fuso Fighter.
During the eleven-kilometer drive up on a steep, single lane road to an elevation of about 1,000 meters the drivers were quick to punch the accelerator or hit the brake! Lurching wildly from side to side I realized that having a bit of faith helped on this last leg of the journey.

At the top, we felt the buzz of anticipation from pilgrims and monks. Young men with baskets offered to carry the pilgrims’ belongings. For those in very poor shape, four young men would carry the pilgrims themselves on makeshift sedan chairs, a concoction of cloth with bamboo poles. The people in those certainly seemed comfortable. Most pilgrims just joined the quiet crowd making their way to the pagoda. Monks walked in a line with their alms bowls.

Along the kilometer long path shops sold everything from bottles of herbal concoctions to freshly cooked dishes to musical instruments to amulets to gold leaf to paste on the Golden Rock itself. For a thin filament of gold it’s about a dollar fifty.
THIRD MOST IMPORTANT BUDDHIST PILGRIMAGE SITE IN MYANMAR

The pagoda itself is small, about 6 meters in height. It sits on top of an enormous gold-covered granite boulder that looks like it’s just about to tip over and roll down the mountain. But it doesn’t fall, even though it’s nearly halfway off the ledge it has been on for eons and is some eight meters in height and 611 tons in weight. Legend has it that a hermit kept strands of the Buddha’s hair and then when he was dying, looked for a suitable place to hide it. He saw the loose boulder, Golden Rock, and built the small stupa on top where the strands of hair are kept inside. The pagoda was built in 574 BC.

It is the third most important Buddhist pilgrimage site in Myanmar, after Shwe Dagon pagoda and Mahamuni pagoda in Mandalay.

The energy around the Golden Rock was palpable. Worshippers — and only men were allowed — pasted gold leaf at the base of the boulder. Fragments frequently floated away on the breeze, catching the sun’s light as they did so. There was no fence or barrier of any kind between the base of the rock and a drop of easily ten meters. I asked our guide if anyone had ever fallen and she said no. Yet, as men’s feet were literally inches from the ledge it certainly looked risky, even if you didn’t suffer from vertigo.

I took steps down and soon I was looking up at the rock in more ways than one. The sense was that the rock was going to do something, take some action, yet it stayed absolutely still. It’s easy to understand why people are quickly mesmerized by it. Some worshippers bowed to it. Others quietly put their hands together, closed their eyes and meditated. I watched as the sun set behind it, the valley glowing beneath it. Soon, the area was lit with hundreds of candles, casting a flickering glow on the Golden Rock that animated it, giving it a life of its own.

Near the approach to the Golden Rock temple were numerous glass cases filled with bills, donations to the temple. Women sat and prayed under bare bulbs. Still further back people laid out mats and even set up tents, preparing to sleep there for the night so that they could worship at the Golden Rock at dawn.

I had not seen this level of religious intensity in my previous visits to Myanmar. The Golden Rock temple struck me as truly Myanmar’s golden heart, combining electric engagement with worshippers with an unnerving stillness. It was both timeless and in step with the times.

HOW TO GET HERE FROM YANGON
From Yangon you can take a bus but I recommend renting a van and guide and taking your time. Not only are there the temples in Bago but there is the Allied War Cemetery near Htauk Kyant where you can read the poignant epitaphs families had engraved on their loved ones gravestones.
If you go straight from Yangon — and happen to miss the city’s traffic — it will take between three to four hours to get there.
CULINARY HEART TOO
And of course, don’t miss the food. This part of Myanmar is its culinary heart too. Myanmar food takes hours to cook, bringing out the sometimes pungent flavours of the ingredients. At the roadside restaurants people would quickly eat dishes that had taken a morning to prepare. Among others, there’s mohinga, a rice noodle fish soup, stone pumpkin soup with chicken, and fermented bamboo shoot soup. It’s not a well-known cuisine so your chance to experience at its best is here.
Mark Twain once said, “Twenty years from now you will be more disappointed by the things you didn’t do than by the ones you did do.” As remote as it was, a visit to the Golden Rock temple was well the effort to get there. It wasn’t just a journey to Myanmar’s golden heart, but a glimpse into the spiritual heart of the nation.






Published in Asian Journeys magazine, October-November 2015




























